Solenoid Valves

Solenoid valves are used more often that many people think. They are used so often because they work very well in certain devices and under certain conditions. In general, solenoid valves are electro-mechanical valves for use with liquid or gas. They are generally controlled by adding or denying an electrical current through a solenoid, which is simply a coil of wire. This current changes the state of the valve allowing it to either open or close.

In simple terms, the operation of solenoid valves is similar to that of a light switch, although these types of valves are more often used to control air, gas, or liquids, whereas a light switch typically controls the flow of electricity. Solenoid valves may have two or more ports: in the case of a two-port valve the flow is switched on or off; in the case of a three-port valve, the outflow is switched between the two outlet ports. For more complex operations, multiple solenoid valves can be placed together on a manifold

There are two main parts to solenoid valves: the solenoid and the valve. The solenoid converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. This energy is then used to open or close the valve through mechanical means.

In most cases, the mechanical portion of solenoid valves is close to the solenoid portion. This mechanical portion is often called the armature, but it may have other names. In other cases, the mechanical armature may be a considerable distance away from the actual solenoid. In all cases, the solenoid itself must receive some type of charge in order for it to operate. The charge can either be from an AC source or from a DC source. An example of a DC source would be the battery in your automobile that sends a charge to your car solenoid which, in turn, cranks the starter.

Solenoid valves may use metal seals or rubber seals if they are used in applications where gases or liquids are involved. They are usually grounded at some point in order to prevent sparks when they are used in flammable circumstances.

Most of the solenoid valves in use today also have electrical interfaces to allow for easy control. A spring may be used to hold the valve opened or closed while the valve is not activated.

These types of devices can be of many sizes. Some of them are huge while others are small enough to put in your pocket. A good understanding of how solenoid valves work and are operated is essential to a good working knowledge of electronics. This is true whether a student is studying for industrial applications or residential applications. Solenoid valves are used throughout the industry and they are very useful and common place devices.